Urdu Poetry Ghazals Biography
Source:-Google.com.pk
The ghazal (Arabic/Pashto/Malay/Persian/Urdu; Hindi, Marathi: Punjabi:, Nepali: Turkish: gazel, Bengali:, Gujarati) is a poetic form consisting of rhyming couplets and a refrain, with each line sharing the same meter. A ghazal may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The form is ancient, originating in 6th-century Arabic verse. It is derived from the Arabian panegyric qasida. The structural requirements of the ghazal are similar in stringency to those of the Petrarchan sonnet. In style and content it is a genre that has proved capable of an extraordinary variety of expression around its central themes of love and separation. It is one of the principal poetic forms which the Indo-Perso-Arabic civilization offered to the eastern Islamic world.
The ghazal spread into South Asia in the 12th century due to the influence of Sufi mystics and the courts of the new Islamic Sultanate. Although the ghazal is most prominently a form of Dari poetry and Urdu poetry, today it is found in the poetry of many languages of the Indian sub-continent.
Ghazals were written by the Persian mystics and poets Rumi (13th century) and Hafiz (14th century), the Azeri poet Fuzûlî (16th century), as well as Mirza Ghalib (1797–1869) and Muhammad Iqbal (1877–1938), both of whom wrote ghazals in Persian and Urdu, and the Bengali poet Kazi Nazrul Islam (1899-1976). Through the influence of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832), the ghazal became very popular in Germany during the 19th century; the form was used extensively by Friedrich Rückert (1788–1866) and August von Platen (1796–1835). The Indian American poet Agha Shahid Ali was a proponent of the form, both in English and in other languages; he edited a volume of "real ghazals in English".
Wo apne chehare mein sau afatab rakhte hain-Hasrat Jaipuri
wo apne chehare mein sau afatab rakhte hain
is liye to wo rukh pe naqab rakhte hain
wo pas baithe to aati hai dilab\ruba khushbu
wo apne hothon pe khilate gulab rakhte hain
har ek varq mein tum hi tum ho jan-e-mahabubi
hum apne dil ke kuch aisi kitab rakhte hain
jahan-e-ishq mein sohani kaheen dikhai de
hum apni aankh mein kitne chenab rakhte hain
Poet of the Ghazal :Hasrat Jaipuri
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Wo anjuman mein raat badi shan se gaye-Saeed Rahi
wo anjuman mein raat badi shan se gaye
iman cheez kya thi kai jan se gaye
main to chupa hua tha hazaron naqab mein
lekin akele dekh ke pehchan se gaye
wo shama ban ke khud hi akele jala kiya
paravane kal ke raat pareshan se gaye
aaya tera salam na aaya hai khat koi
hum aakhiri safar ke bhi saman se gaye
“rahi” jinhen khuda bhi na samajha saka kabhi
baithe bithaye dekh lo ab man se gaye
Poet of the Ghazal :Saeed Rahi
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